Piles, or hemorrhoids, are swollen veins in the rectum or anus that can cause pain, itching, and bleeding. They occur when pressure on the veins in the anal area increases, leading to inflammation and discomfort. The condition can be internal or external, with symptoms including bleeding during bowel movements, irritation, and a visible lump around the anus. Lifestyle factors such as chronic constipation, straining, pregnancy, and a sedentary lifestyle can contribute to the development of piles.

An anal fissure is a small tear or crack in the skin around the anus, often causing sharp pain during and after bowel movements. This condition can also lead to bleeding and a constant feeling of discomfort. Anal fissures are commonly caused by passing large or hard stools, chronic diarrhea, or straining during bowel movements. The pain from a fissure is usually intense and can make daily activities difficult, but treatment options like laser therapy can help promote healing and alleviate symptoms.

A fistula is an abnormal connection between the rectum and the skin around the anus, often resulting from an infection or abscess. This condition causes pain, swelling, and discharge of pus or blood from the opening near the anus. Fistulas can occur due to conditions like Crohn’s disease or an untreated abscess, and they often require surgical intervention. Laser treatment offers a less invasive solution to manage fistulas, reducing recovery time and minimizing discomfort.